unit
of measure
conversions
equivalences
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Volcanic
Explosivity Index or VEI
Volcanic
Explosivity Index or VEI -
is based on a number of things that can be observed during an eruption
VEI
|
Description
|
Plume
Height
|
Volume
|
Classification
|
How
often
|
0
|
non-explosive |
-100
m |
1000s
m3 |
Hawaiian |
daily |
1
|
gentle |
100-1000
m |
10,000s
m3 |
Haw/Strombolian |
daily |
2
|
explosive |
1-5 km |
1,000,000s
m3 |
Strom/Vulcanian |
weekly |
3
|
severe |
3-15
km |
10,000,000s
m3 |
Vulcanian |
yearly |
4
|
cataclysmic |
10-25
km |
100,000,000s
m3 |
Vulc/Plinian |
10's
of years |
5
|
paroxysmal |
+25 km |
1 km3 |
Plinian |
100's
of years |
6
|
colossal |
+25 km |
10s km3 |
Plin/Ultra-Plinian |
100's
of years |
7
|
super-colossal |
+25 km |
100s
km3 |
Ultra-Plinian |
1000's
of years |
8
|
mega-colossal |
+25 km |
1,000s
km3 |
Ultra-Plinian |
10,000's
of years |
volcano
hazardous level
In
New Zealand a 5 level alert system exists for volcanic eruptions.
The alert levels range from 0 to 5, where 0 is low level
and 5 is the most hazardous level.
In New Zealand Volcanoes are broken into two groups:
Frequently
Active Volcanoes such as Mt Ruapehu and White Island.
Reawakening of Dormant Volcanoes such as Mayor Island,
Tarawera or Taupo.
|
Frequently
Active Volcanoes
White Island, Tongariro-Ngauruhoe, Ruapehu
|
Reawakening
volcanoes
Kermadecs, Northland, Auckland, Mayor Island,
Rotorua, Okataina, Taupo, Taranaki
|
Scientific
Alert Level
|
Indicative
Phenomena
|
Volcano
Status
|
0
|
Typical
background surface activity; seismicity, deformation
and heat flow at low levels. |
Usual
dormant, or quiescent state. |
1
|
Departure
from typical background surface activity. |
Signs
of volcano unrest. |
2
|
Onset
of eruptive activity, accompanied by changes to monitored
indicators. |
Minor
eruptive activity. |
3
|
Increased
vigour of ongoing activity and monitored indicators.
Significant effects on volcano, possible effects beyond. |
Significant
local eruption in progress. |
4
|
Significant
change to ongoing activity and monitored indicators.
Effects beyond volcano. |
Hazardous
local eruption in progress. |
5
|
Hazardous
large volcanic eruption in progress. |
Large
hazardous eruption in progress. |
|
Scientific
Alert Level
|
Indicative
Phenomena
|
Volcano
Status
|
0
|
Typical
background surface activity; seismicity, deformation
and heat flow at low levels. |
Usual
dormant, or quiescent state. |
1
|
Apparent
seismic, geodetic, thermal or other unrest indicators. |
Initial
signs of possible volcano unrest. No eruption threat. |
2
|
Increase
in number or intensity of unrest indicators (seismicity,
deformation, heat flow etc). |
Confirmation
of volcano unrest. Eruption threat. |
3
|
Minor
steam eruptions. High-increasing trends of unrest indicators,
significant effects on volcano, possibly beyond. |
Minor
eruptions commenced. Real possibility of hazardous eruptions. |
4
|
Eruption
of new magma. Sustained high levels of unrest indicators,
significant effects beyond volcano. |
Hazardous
local eruption in progress. Large scale eruption now
possible. |
5
|
Destruction
with major damage beyond active volcano. Significant
risk over wider areas |
Large
hazardous volcanic eruption in progress. |
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